RRII - LSZ

Landslide Susceptibility of
Rubber Growing Areas

Joint Initiative of
RRII, Rubber Board, Govt. of India &
Digital University Kerala

According to the Geological Survey of India, about 12.6% of the land mass spreading over 159 districts is prone to landslides. The mountainous and hilly terrains of 16 States and two Union Territories in the Himalayan region, sub-Himalayan parts of north east and in Western Ghats are prone to landslides.
Kerala state is characterised by hilly and undulating terrains with tropical monsoon climate. Triggered by heavy rainfall, the hilly regions of the state witnessed two massive landslides causing many human casualties and serious damages to the environment and properties in the past couple of years. There were also landslips of smaller proportions in the past few years.
Climate change has altered the rainfall pattern in the state and extreme weather events such as tropical cyclones, heavy rainfall and floods have become more frequent and intense which can possibly increase incidence of landslide in future.
Extremely intense rainfall can destabilise hilly terrains where natural rubber is a popular crop among others. Occupying more than 22% of the gross cropped area of the state, natural rubber plantations are mostly grown on the undulating and sloping terrains of along the foothills of Western Ghats which are increasingly becoming vulnerable to landslides.
Landslide is a natural disaster that cannot be predicted with any degree of absolute certainty. But science-based precautions can empower local communities to remain vigilant, reducing the risk of occurrence of a landslide and its impact on people and property if it happens.
Using satellite-derived maps of the distribution of rubber plantations in the state and the district-wise landslide susceptibility zones (shape files) developed by the Kerala State Disaster Management Authority, we successfully delineated rubber plantations into low, medium and high landslide risk categories. These landslide susceptible zones were prepared by integrating multiple databases like topographical maps, remote sensing data, ground truth and geotechnical investigations. The landslide zones were analysed geo-spatially with satellite-derived rubber plantation maps and spatial extent of NR plantations in the different zones were delineated for all districts in Kerala by Rubber Research Institute of India under the Rubber Board. A Mobile App was developed by Digital University Kerala for easy dissemination of information to rubber growers.
Good agricultural practices for adoption at a location according to its vulnerability to landslide as well as cultural operations that should not be undertaken are recommended to minimise the occurrence/impact of landslides.

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View Panchayat-wise NR area under landslide susceptibility zones

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Susceptibility Classes

	NIL		Low
	Medium		High

Landslide Susceptibility of
Rubber Growing Areas

Research Initiative of
Rubber Research Institute of India &
Digital University Kerala

District
Taluk
Block
Corporation
Municipality
Panchayath
Latitude
Longitude

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Ayyampuzha	Aluva	1	217	70
2	Kavalangad	Kothamangalam	5	130	37
3	Keerampara	Kothamangalam	0	75	0
4	Kuttampuzha	Kothamangalam	59	345	109
5	Malayattoor-Neeleswaram	Aluva	0	43	33
6	Manjapra	Aluva	0	0	50
7	Paingottur	Kothamangalam	0	89	0
Total			65	900	299

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Adimali	Devikulam	28	35	0
2	Alakkode	Thodupuzha	152	16	0
3	Arakulam	Thodupuzha	0	670	0
4	Ayyappancoil	Udumbanchola	0	6	0
5	Bisonvally	Udumbanchola	0	2	0
6	Irattayar	Udumbanchola	0	71	0
7	Kamaskshy	Udumbanchola	0	1	0
8	Kanchiyar	Udumbanchola	0	1	0
9	Kanjikuzhy	Thodupuzha	289	133	0
10	Karimannor	Udumbanchola	96	115	0
11	Karinkunnam	Udumbanchola	4	126	0
12	Kattappana	Udumbanchola	0	0	0
13	Kokkayar	Peermed	52	507	0
14	Konnathady	Udumbanchola	31	96	0
15	Kudayathoor	Thodupuzha	58	322	0
16	Kumaramangalam	Thodupuzha	0	7	0
17	Manakkad	Thodupuzha	0	15	0
18	Mankulam	Devikulam	19	219	0
19	Mariyapuram	Udumbanchola	0	1	0
20	Munnar	Devikulam	0	9	0
21	Muttom	Thodupuzha	79	182	0
22	Nedunkandam	Udumbanchola	13	19	0
23	Pallivasal	Devikulam	1	4	0
24	Peruvanthanam	Peermed	386	616	0
25	Purapuzha	Thodupuzha	0	89	0
26	Rajakkad	Udumbanchola	0	3	0
27	Udumbannor	Thodupuzha	492	681	0
28	Upputhara	Peermed	0	13	0
29	Vannapuram	Thodupuzha	98	530	0
30	Vathikudy	Udumbanchola	60	100	0
31	Vazhathope	Thodupuzha	9	24	0
32	Vellathooval	Devikulam	52	77	0
33	Velliyamattom	Thodupuzha	211	271	0
Total			2132	4961	0

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Alacode	Taliparamba	383	1085	0
2	Aralam	Tellichery	0	26	0
3	Ayyankunnu	Tellichery	72	321	0
4	Chapparapadavu	Taliparamba	0	182	0
5	Chengalai	Taliparamba	0	219	0
6	Cherupuzha	Taliparamba	328	598	0
7	Erimam-Kuttoor	Taliparamba	0	128	0
8	Eruvassy	Taliparamba	145	682	0
9	Kadannapalli-Panapuzha	Kannur	5	111	0
10	Kanichar	Tellichery	27	228	0
11	Keezhallur	Tellichery	0	3	0
12	Keezhur-Chavassery	Tellichery	0	29	0
13	Kelakom	Tellichery	61	338	0
14	Kolayade	Tellichery	0	59	0
15	Koodali	Tellichery	0	6	0
16	Kottiyoor	Tellichery	43	143	0
17	Kunnothuparamba	Tellichery	9	96	0
18	Kurumathur	Taliparamba	0	87	0
19	Malur	Tellichery	49	232	0
20	Mattannur Municipality	Tellichery	0	14	0
21	Muzhakkunnu	Tellichery	25	63	0
22	Naduvil	Taliparamba	225	930	0
23	Padiyur	Taliparamba	0	151	0
24	Pariyaram	Taliparamba	0	50	0
25	Pattiom	Tellichery	1	10	0
26	Payam	Tellichery	0	48	0
27	Payyavoor	Taliparamba	183	339	0
28	Peravoor	Tellichery	28	76	0
29	Perignome-Vayakkara	Taliparamba	12	356	0
30	Srekandapuram	Taliparamba	0	377	0
31	Thillankeri	Tellichery	14	43	0
32	Udayagiri	Taliparamba	360	563	0
33	Ulickal	Taliparamba	151	384	0
Total			2121	7976	0

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Badiyadka	Kasargod	0	0	16
2	Balal	Hosdurg	208	14	1446
3	Bedadka	Kasargod	2	0	125
4	Bellur	Kasargod	0	0	37
5	Chengala	Kasargod	0	0	6
6	Delampady	Kasargod	0	0	31
7	East-Eleri	Hosdurg	110	0	691
8	Enmakaje	Kasargod	0	0	58
9	Kallar	Hosdurg	2	0	287
10	Karaduka	Kasargod	0	0	49
11	Kayyur-Cheemeni	Hosdurg	0	0	32
12	Kinanoor-Karindalam	Hosdurg	7	0	292
13	Kodom-Bellur	Hosdurg	0	0	286
14	Kumbadaje	Kasargod	0	0	21
15	Kuttikol	Kasargod	29	0	370
16	Madikkai	Hosdurg	0	0	12
17	Meenja	Kasargod	0	0	1
18	Muliyar	Kasargod	0	0	15
19	Paivalike	Kasargod	0	0	19
20	Panathady	Hosdurg	84	0	664
21	Pullur-Periya	Hosdurg	0	0	18
22	Puthige	Kasargod	0	0	11
23	Vorkady	Kasargod	0	0	4
24	West-Eleri	Hosdurg	42	41	676
Total			485	55	5167

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Alayanmon	Pathanapuram	0	0	23
2	Arayankavu	Pathanapuram	14	114	81
3	Chithara	Kottarakkara	0	7	106
4	Edamulackal	Pathanapuram	0	36	13
5	Ittiva	Kottarakkara	0	0	28
6	Kadakkal	Kottarakkara	0	0	40
7	Kulathoopuzha	Pathanapuram	3	34	7
8	Nilamel	Kottarakkara	0	0	10
9	Pathanapuram	Pathanapuram	0	29	5
10	Piravanthoor	Pathanapuram	0	47	1
11	Pooyappally	Kottarakkara	0	0	5
12	Thenmala	Pathanapuram	74	167	27
13	Ummannoor	Kottarakkara	0	0	2
14	Vettikkavala	Kottarakkara	0	8	15
Total			90	443	364

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Bharananganam	Meenachil	0	36	127
2	Chirakkadavu	Kanjirapally	0	0	44
3	Elikkulam	Kanjirapally	0	0	36
4	Erattupetta	Meenachil	8	38	42
5	Erumely	Kanjirapally	0	126	693
6	Kadanadu	Meenachil	0	379	166
7	Kangazha	Changanassery	0	0	11
8	Kanjirappally	Kanjirappally	0	6	46
9	Karoor	Meenachil	0	0	176
10	Koottikkal	Kanjirapally	381	1655	0
11	Manimala	Kanjirapally	0	149	11
12	Melukavu	Meenachil	29	359	113
13	Mundakkayam	Kanjirapally	438	424	394
14	Munnilavu	Meenachil	16	457	5
15	Parathode	Kanjirapally	64	1079	118
16	Poonjar	Meenachil	209	310	428
17	Poonjar-Thekkekkara	Meenachil	659	283	150
18	Ramapuram	Meenachil	0	171	211
19	Thalanad	Meenachil	376	935	156
20	Thalappalam	Meenachil	14	112	99
21	Theekoyi	Meenachil	91	839	95
22	Thidanad	Meenachil	83	134	38
23	Uzhavoor	Meenachil	0	0	58
24	Veliyannoor	Meenachil	0	0	16
25	Vellavoor	Kanjirapally	0	0	33
Total			2371	7491	3266

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Chakkittapara	Quilandy	43	135	0
2	Chekyad	Vadakara	21	36	0
3	Karassery	Kozhikkode	0	43	0
4	Kavilumpara	Vadakara	143	432	0
5	Kayakkodi	Vadakara	15	44	0
6	Kayanna	Quilandy	6	66	0
7	Kizhakkoth	Kozhikkode	0	10	0
8	Kodencheri	Kozhikkode	41	116	0
9	Kodiyathur	Kozhikkode	0	65	0
10	Koodaranji	Kozhikkode	53	373	0
11	Kottur	Quilandy	0	56	0
12	Kurachundu	Quilandy	51	283	0
13	Maruthomkara	Vadakara	0	17	0
14	Nadauvannur	Quilandy	0	5	0
15	Narippatta	Vadakara	17	178	0
16	Panangad	Quilandy	37	34	0
17	Purameri	Vadakara	0	1	0
18	Puthuppadi	Kozhikkode	0	273	0
19	Thamarassery	Kozhikkode	0	160	0
20	Thiruvambadi	Kozhikkode	3	183	0
21	Valayam	Vadakara	0	10	0
22	Vanimel	Vadakara	63	352	0
23	Velom	Vadakara	0	31	0
Total			495	2903	0

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Aliparambu	Perinthalmanna	0	20	0
2	Amarambalam	Nilambur	0	12	0
3	Anakkayam	Eranad	0	84	0
4	Angadippuram	Perinthalmanna	0	10	0
5	Chaliyar	Nilambur	39	241	0
6	Chikkode	Eranad	0	1	0
7	Chokkade	Nilambur	0	57	0
8	Chungathara	Nilambur	36	267	0
9	Edappatta	Perinthalmanna	0	43	0
10	Edavanna	Eranad	66	113	0
11	Elamkulam	Perinthalmanna	0	27	0
12	Kalikavu	Nilambur	80	296	0
13	Kannamangalam	Tirurangadi	0	8	0
14	Karuvarakundu	Nilambur	30	345	0
15	Keezhattur	Perinthalmanna	0	172	0
16	Malappuram Municipality	Perinthalmanna	0	5	0
17	Mambad	Nilambur	0.3	89	0
18	Manjeri Municipality	Eranad	0	4	0
19	Mankada	Perinthalmanna	0	52	0
20	Morayoor	Eranad	0	20	0
21	Nediyiruppu	Eranad	0	9	0
22	Nilambur	Nilambur	0	3	0
23	Perinthalmanna Municipality	Perinthalmanna	0	15	0
24	Pothukallu	Nilambur	0	175	0
25	Pulamanthole	Perinthalmanna	0	26	0
26	Pulickal	Eranad	0	1	0
27	Pulppatta	Eranad	0	1	0
28	Puzhakkattiri	Perinthalmanna	0	8	0
29	Thazhekkode	Perinthalmanna	0	164	0
30	Urakam	Tirurangadi	0	25	0
31	Urngattiri	Eranad	35	164	0
32	Vazhakkad	Eranad	0	5	0
33	Vazhikkadavu	Nilambur	0	5	0
34	Vettathur	Perinthalmanna	0	108	0
Total			287.3	2576	0

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Agali	Mannarkad	99	971	0
2	Akathethara	Palakkad	0	4	0
3	Alanallur	Mannarkad	0	103	0
4	Alathur	Alathur	1	18	0
5	Ambalappara	Ottappalam	0	11	0
6	Anaganadi	Ottappalam	0	2	0
7	Attapaddi	Mannarkad	0	0.4	0
8	Ayiloor	Chittur	0	21	0
9	Elevancherry	Chittur	2	27	0
10	Kanjirappuzha	Mannarkad	0	52	0
11	Kannampra	Alathur	0	17	0
12	Karimba	Mannarkad	11	60	0
13	Kizhakkancherry	Alathur	550	537	0
14	Kottoppadam	Mannarkad	32	167	0
15	Kumaramputhur	Mannarkad	1	43	0
16	Malampuzha	Palakkad	14	143	0
17	Mannarkkad	Mannarkad	5	44	0
18	Melarkkode	Alathur	0	0	0
19	Nelliampathy	Chittur	4	19	0
20	Nemmara	Chittur	0	6	0
21	Ottappalam Municipality	Ottappalam	0	3	0
22	Puthuppariyaram	Palakkad	0	2	0
23	Thachampara	Mannarkad	0	46	0
24	Thrikkadeeri	Ottappalam	0	6	0
25	Vadakkancherry	Alathur	0	2	0
26	Vandazhi	Alathur	188	175	0
Total			909	2479	0

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Ranni-Angadi	Ranni	0	0	45
2	Aurvaappulam	Kozhenchary	3	69	271
3	Ayioor	Ranni	0	0	6
4	Cherukole	Ranni	0	0	28
5	Chittar	Ranni	86	328	383
6	Enadimangalam	Adoor	0	0	56
7	Ilanthoor	Kozhenchary	0	0	40
8	Kalanjoor	Adoor	0	97	122
9	Konni	Kozhenchary	0	50	29
10	Kottangal	Mallappally	0	29	0
11	Malayalappuzha	Kozhenchary	0	4	270
12	Mylappra	Kozhenchary	0	0	116
13	Naranmmoozhi	Ranni	0	73	88
14	Naranganam	Kozhenchary	0	0	61
15	Pathanamthitta Muncipality	Kozhenchary	0	0	73
16	Ranni-Pazhavangadi	Ranni	0	0	112
17	Pramadam	Adoor	0	0	283
18	Ranni-Perunnadu	Ranni	11	225	611
19	Ranni	Ranni	0	0	66
20	Seethathode	Ranni	292	294	154
21	Thannithode	Kozhenchary	106	361	288
22	Vadaserikkara	Ranni	0	40	202
23	Vechuchira	Ranni	15	98	510
Total			512	1668	3814

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Athirappilly	Mukundapuram	0	35	0
2	Chelakkara	Thalappally	0	0	0
3	Kodassery	Mukundapuram	0	53	0
4	Madakkathara	Thrissur	1	43	0
5	Mattathur	Mukundapuram	0	65	0
6	Mulloorkara	Thalappally	0	16	0
7	Nadathara	Thrissur	0	7	0
8	Pananchery	Thrissur	14	68	0
9	Pariyaram	Mukundapuram	0	26	0
10	Pazhayannoor	Thalappally	0	32	0
11	Puthur	Thrissur	0	30	0
12	Thrissur Corporation	Thrissur	0	11	0
13	Varantharappilly	Mukundapuram	0	53	0
Total			15	439	0

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Aryanad	Nedumangad	0	9	0
2	Amboori	Neyyattinkara	3	0	30
3	Kuttichal	Nedumangad	0	0.28	0
4	Kallikkad	Neyyattinkara	0	2	28
5	Kattakkada	Neyyattinkara	0	0	2
6	Kunnathukal	Neyyattinkara	0	0	2
7	Malayinkeezhu	Neyyattinkara	0	0	1
8	Nanniyode	Nedumangad	0	0	7
9	Ottasekhaglam	Neyyattinkara	0	0	11
10	Pallichal	Neyyattinkara	0	0	2
11	Pangod	Nedumangad	0	0	9
12	Peringammala	Nedumangad	0	0	12
13	Perumkadavila	Neyyattinkara	0	9	10
14	Tholikkode	Nedumangad	0	0	9
15	Vellarada	Neyyattinkara	0	0	3
16	Vilappil	Neyyattinkara	0	0	1
17	Vithura	Nedumangad	0	0	34
Total			3	20	162

#	Panchayat	Taluk	Unit in Hectares
#	Panchayat	Taluk	High Hazard Zone	Medium Hazard Zone	Low Hazard Zone
1	Ambalavayal	Sulthan Bathery	0	22	0
2	Meppadi	Vythiri	0	6	0
3	Mullankolly	Sulthan Bathery	0	2	0
4	Nenmeni	Sulthan Bathery	0	1	0
5	Padinjarethara	Vythiri	0	3	0
6	Poothadi	Sulthan Bathery	0	2	0
7	Vellamunda	Mananthavady	0	3	0
Total			0	40	0

Landslide Susceptibility ofRubber Growing Areas

Joint Initiative ofRRII, Rubber Board, Govt. of India &Digital University Kerala

Susceptibility Classes

Landslide Susceptibility ofRubber Growing Areas

Research Initiative ofRubber Research Institute of India &Digital University Kerala

Landslide Susceptibility of
Rubber Growing Areas

Joint Initiative of
RRII, Rubber Board, Govt. of India &
Digital University Kerala

Landslide Susceptibility of
Rubber Growing Areas

Research Initiative of
Rubber Research Institute of India &
Digital University Kerala